They like to live in open sea areas, grow up to a size of 21 inches, found in greyish brown color. During summer they spend time feeding in polar waters, and then migrate towards the equator at the onset of winter. Snow petrels are sociable and fly erratically in bat like motion. With their iconic glossy black back and striking white bellies, there is little chance of missing this mammal if they are close by. They love to glide behind big ships, so when you’re standing out on deck, look up at the skies and you may spot these graceful birds.Petrels spend all their time out at sea, so are very resilient even in the harshest of Antarctica’s weather. Feathers on its back and wing like appendages are grayish-black. Blue-grey in colour, these beauties are rarely spotted, but if seen are impossible to forget.The ‘killer whale’ is technically part of the dolphin family. Several species are found in the Antarctic, including the Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica), Antarctic giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and Antarctic prion (Pachyptila desolata). According to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a female achieves sexual maturity at 4 years and a male leopard seal at 4.5 years. With an orange beak that looks a little like a smear of lipstick and a ‘bonnet’ of white feathers, they are also undeniably adorable.Short, rotund and sporting a pair of yellow eyebrows that put even the most avant garde makeup artists to shame, the macaroni are as handsome as they are aggressive – males frequently fight other penguins within their colony.The only seals that kill other mammals for food, the solitary and adventurous leopard seal will migrate far and wide in search of a feast. The Orca’s diet comprises of seals, sea lions and birds, turtles, sharks, squid, whales, cephalopods and fish. Emperor penguins populations are scattered all over Antarctic continent, and they range from few hundred to over 20,000 pairs, according to Australia Antarctic Division. The habitat for the Orca is oceans with cold water in Antarctica.The Adelie penguin is a migratory bird named after the wife of French Antarctic explorer Dumont d’Urville, according to ARKive Initiative. The first rule, Allen's rule, states that endoderm animals are more ‘‘rounded and compact’’.The second rule, Bergmann's rule, states that with the intention to regulate heat loss, animals that live very cold areas are larger in size in comparison to those that live in warmer climates. Both male and female Adelie penguins take turns incubating the eggs. Known for their speed in the water, the gentoo penguin hunts for krill, smaller fish and squid. Male emperor penguins achieve sexual maturity at 5 years and females at 6, according to Avian Scientific Advisory Group. King penguins occasionally breed and nest in the same sites as Gentoo Penguins. A leopard seal’s head is large and reptile shaped, and the neck long and flexible and a jaw with long canine teeth. Its weight range is 260 to 460 grams and length 30 to 40 centimeters with a wingspan of 75 to 95 centimeters, according to ARKive Initiative. The Orca has 4-inch teeth, and in context it’s about the size of minibus. Zealand,Travel to Antarctica from the UK and Europe,Peninsula Active Adventure Cruise 11 days,South Georgia, Antarctica and the Falkland Its average lifespan is 80 to 90 years in the ocean, according to National Geographic. Global warming and other climate change factors, however, are increasingly taking their toll.Also called the dove prion, the Antarctic Prion is a seabird whose feathers and upper body are grayish blue, and the underbelly from throat to the tail feather mostly white. A male orca weighs 10,000 kilograms, a female 7,500, and a calf 180 kilograms, according to Whale and Dolphin Conservation. Adult body lengths reach about 70 centimeters. During the 20th century they were almost hunted to extinction, so spotting them today is a rare and humbling experience.One of the world’s largest seabirds, the albatross spends most of its time up in the air and can be easily spotted thanks to its long wings. Male king penguins incubate the eggs on their feet while covering them with a special pouch to keep them warm.These creatures are easily identified by their thin ‘beard’ of black feathers and live in colonies of hundreds of thousands.

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